This Discourse Analysis covers key areas in discourse analysis, starting with the foundational study of language in use and its role in constructing social realities. It explores the seven criteria of textuality—cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, informativity, situationality, and intertextuality—that define meaningful texts. Speech Act Theory examines how utterances function as actions, while Conversational Analysis focuses on the structures and patterns of spoken interaction. The Ethnography of Communication combines linguistic and anthropological approaches to study communication in cultural contexts. Finally, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) investigates the relationship between discourse and power, uncovering ideological assumptions and promoting social justice.